Tracking Scenthound · Hounds
Bloodhound
Also known as: Bloodhound, St. Hubert Hound, Chien de Saint-Hubert
The world's most powerful tracking scenthound — gentle, devoted and famously wrinkled, with a nose that follows a trail for miles and a loud bay, heavy build and drooping ears that demand secure containment and patient, experienced handling.
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Quick Facts
Best Suited For
Experienced homes providing trailing outlets
Exercise
Moderate to high (scent)
Grooming
Low
Shedding
Moderate
Trainability
Trainable; scent-driven and independent
Experience Level
Experienced home preferred
At a Glance
At a Glance
- Size category
- Giant
- Original purpose
- Trailing humans and large game by scent
- Country / region of origin
- Belgium / France / United Kingdom
- Height range
- 58–69 cm (23–27 in)
- Weight range
- 40–54 kg (90–120 lb)
- Life expectancy
- 10–12 years
- Coat type
- Short, dense coat
- Recognized colours
- Black and tan, liver and tan, red
- Exercise commitment
- Moderate to high
- Mental-work commitment
- High (scent)
- Training commitment
- Moderate
- Grooming commitment
- Low maintenance
- Shedding tendency
- Moderate
- Vocal tendency
- High (baying)
- Prey-drive tendency
- High (scent)
- Protective tendency
- Low
- Sociability considerations
- High
- Best suited to
- Experienced homes who provide scent outlets and accept a loud, heavy, tracking hound
Ranges and tendencies vary by sex, line, registry, and individual dog. Descriptive labels are used instead of scores or rankings.
Original Purpose
Original Purpose
Trailing humans and large game by scent
What People Often Love
What People Often Love
- Gentle, devoted and placid temperament
- Legendary nose and tracking ability
- Distinctive wrinkled head and long ears
- Generally sociable and good with people
- Low-maintenance short coat
- Patient and good-natured
What Can Be Difficult
What Can Be Difficult
- Extraordinary scent drive — they will follow a trail and ignore everything else
- Loud, carrying bay and howling
- Heavy, loose-skinned build — drooling and skin-fold care
- Off-leash unreliability when on a trail
- Stubborn, single-minded persistence that resists interruption
- Drooping ears prone to infection
- Slow, deliberate house-training
Breed Gallery
Bloodhound visual guide
Adult Comparison — Male & Female

Adult representative
Breed-specific adult Bloodhound source already verified for this profile; CC BY 2.0.
Life Stages — Puppy, Adolescent, Mature Adult

Puppy
Bloodhound puppy explicitly identified on the source page; reusable Commons source.
Photos are for educational reference only. Individual dogs vary. Rare or non-standard colours do not indicate better health, value, or quality.
Life Stages
Life stages
Puppy
Puppies are gentle and curious; early socialization and patient house-training matter. Teach recall foundations early.
Adolescent
Adolescence can sharpen scent drive and stubbornness. Secure containment and consistent management are essential.
Adult
Adults are placid and steady with outlets. Daily exercise, scent work and weight management continue for life.
Senior
Mobility, weight and ear care matter. Keep gentle activity and scent engagement; watch for age-related joint and eye concerns.
Colours and Coat
Colours and coat
- Recognized colours
- Black and tan, liver and tan, red
- Coat length
- Short
- Coat texture
- Dense coat
- Undercoat
- Minimal
- Seasonal changes
- Moderate shedding
- Grooming notes
- Weekly brushing; regular ear cleaning and skin-fold care. Expect drooling.
Colour does not indicate health, value or temperament.
Male vs Female
Male vs Female
| Field | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| height | 64–69 cm | 58–64 cm |
| weight | 45–54 kg | 40–48 kg |
| build | More substantial and heavier | Slightly lighter |
| maturity | Similar | Similar |
| Visible sexual dimorphism | Mild | Mild |
Temperament differences between individual dogs are generally more important than sex alone.
Appearance Variation
How Bloodhound can vary in appearance
Bloodhound does not have a single widely recognized working-vs-show line division, but appearance still varies by individual. Verified breed-typical details:
- Coat: Short, dense coat.
- Recognized colours: Black and tan, liver and tan, red.
- Typical height: 58–69 cm (23–27 in).
- Typical weight: 40–54 kg (90–120 lb).
Individual dogs vary by sex, line, registry and development. None of these variations indicate better health, value or quality.
Original Purpose
The Bloodhound was developed in Europe as a tracking scenthound for trailing humans and large game. Selected for the most powerful nose in the canine world, stamina, a gentle temperament and a distinctive wrinkled head, the breed's scent-following ability is legendary and admissible in courts of law. Those instincts — powerful scent focus, persistence, baying and a gentle, devoted temperament — remain central to the breed today.
The Reality of Living With This Breed
The Bloodhound's gentle reputation is real, but the nose and the voice define daily life. When a Bloodhound catches a trail, it can become deaf to calls and persist for miles. Secure fencing, long-line management and accepting that recall is a lifelong project are essential. The bay is loud and carrying. The heavy, loose-skinned build makes drooling, skin-fold care and weight management real considerations. Breeding and early development matter; individuals vary.
History and Development
Bloodhounds descend from medieval European tracking hounds bred at monasteries, refined in Belgium, France and England for trailing humans and game. Selection for nose, stamina, persistence and a gentle temperament shaped the modern dog. The breed's tracking evidence has been used in law enforcement and courts.
Temperament
Typical Bloodhounds are gentle, devoted, placid and sociable. They tend to be good with people. Scent focus can make them seem 'stubborn' — they are doing exactly what they were bred to do. The breed is affectionate and good-natured. Breed tendencies describe patterns, not guarantees.
Exercise Needs
Most need moderate to high exercise — long walks and scent-rich trailing outlets. Scent work satisfies more than physical exercise alone. A trail-satisfied Bloodhound is calmer than an under-stimulated one. Off-leash reliability is a lifelong management consideration.
Mental Work and Enrichment
Tracking, trailing and scent work are essential outlets. The breed's nose is its defining feature; nose-led engagement prevents frustration and roaming. Mental scent work can be as tiring as physical exercise.
Training Approach
Bloodhounds are trainable but scent-driven and independent; consistency, patience and food-motivated short sessions work best. Recall is a lifelong project — manage expectations and use long lines and secure containment. Harsh handling reduces engagement. The breed is famously slow to house-train; patience matters. Professional guidance is valuable for first-time hound owners.
Confidence, Sensitivity and Resilience
Many Bloodhounds are confident and resilient, but some can be environmentally sensitive. Structured exposure builds stability. The breed's pack history means most recover well in social settings.
Exposure and Environmental Development
Quality exposure to varied people, dogs, surfaces and environments during the critical period supports a stable adult. Because the breed is large and powerful, early manners and handling foundations matter.
Children, Dogs and Other Animals
Bloodhounds can live well with children and other pets when raised with them and managed carefully. Size and power require supervision around young children. Generally good with other dogs due to pack heritage. No breed should be left unsupervised with young children.
Prey Drive, Chasing and Scent Focus
High scent drive is defining. Bloodhounds follow trails for miles and can become deaf to calls. Secure containment and accepting off-leash limits are essential. This is the heritage that made them useful, not a flaw.
Noise and Vocal Behaviour
Baying and howling are core breed behaviour. The voice is loud and carrying. Close-neighbour housing is a serious consideration. Management includes meeting the dog's needs so vocalizing is not driven by understimulation.
Grooming and Coat Care
The short dense coat is low maintenance — weekly brushing and regular nail, ear and dental care. The long drooping ears need regular cleaning to prevent infection, and skin folds (face and body) need attention. Drooling is common and significant. Shedding is moderate.
Size, Strength and Physical Management
Bloodhounds are large, heavy, loose-skinned dogs. Size and strength require respectful management. The heavy build makes weight and joint care important. Secure, tall fencing is essential — the breed roams on trail. Drooling and skin-fold care are daily realities.
Health Considerations
Commonly discussed health concerns include ear infections (related to drooping ears), skin-fold dermatitis, certain eye conditions (entropion, ectropion), certain orthopedic conditions (elbow dysplasia), bloat (gastric dilatation-volvulus) and certain heart conditions. Responsible breeding with health screening is important. Weight, ear and skin management matter. This information is educational, not diagnostic. Always consult a qualified veterinarian.
Costs and Practical Ownership
Costs include quality food, regular veterinary care, ear and skin-fold care supplies, and training. The breed is generally hardy but ear, skin and weight management are ongoing. Research current costs in your area.
Housing and Lifestyle Fit
Bloodhounds suit homes with secure fencing and owners who provide trailing outlets. Close-neighbour housing is a serious consideration due to vocalizing. The breed does not tolerate prolonged isolation well due to its pack heritage. Space and secure containment matter more than square footage.
Common Owner–Breed Mismatches
- Choosing the breed for its gentle appearance without accounting for scent drive and vocalizing
- Expecting reliable off-leash recall from a scent-driven trailing hound
- Inadequate containment leading to long-distance trailing and loss
- Overlooking ear, skin-fold and drooling management
- Underestimating loud, carrying baying
- Expecting fast house-training and instant obedience
Who This Breed May Suit
Bloodhounds may suit experienced homes with secure fencing and owners who provide trailing outlets. The breed's gentle, devoted nature can be deeply rewarding for households that accept the nose, the voice and the drool.
Who This Breed May Not Be For
Bloodhounds may not suit close-neighbour housing sensitive to baying, homes unable to provide secure containment, or anyone requiring fast, biddable obedience. The breed's scent drive, vocalizing, drooling and slow pace require honest assessment. This does not make the breed bad — it may simply mean the breed's needs and the household's real life are not compatible.
Choosing a Breeder
- What health testing has been done on the parent dogs?
- What is the temperament of the parent dogs?
- What lines are the parents from, and what traits were selected for?
- How are puppies socialized and raised?
- How are puppies matched to homes?
- What support is provided after placement?
- What is the return policy if the placement does not work?
- Why was this specific breeding planned?
Choosing a Rescue or Adult Dog
- What is known about the dog's history?
- What has the foster home observed about behaviour?
- How does the dog behave around dogs, cats, and children?
- What medical information is available?
- Is behaviour support available during adjustment?
- What is the trial or return policy?
- What adjustment period should be expected?
Before You Bring One Home
Before you bring one home
Use these questions as a reality check before choosing this breed. There are no perfect answers, but honest answers can help you decide whether the breed's needs, tendencies and long-term responsibilities fit your life.
- Do I have secure, tall fencing that can contain a scent-driven trailing hound?
- Am I prepared for a loud, carrying bay and howling?
- Can I accept slow house-training and lifelong recall management?
- Will I provide daily scent-rich walks and trailing outlets?
- Am I comfortable with drooling and skin-fold care?
- Will I stay on top of ear cleaning to prevent infection?
- Is my housing compatible with a vocal, heavy breed?
Similar Breeds
Similar breeds to explore
Black and Tan Coonhound
Similar tracking scenthound heritage; lighter build and treeing focus.
Frequently Asked Questions
Bloodhound — common questions
Sources and Review
Sources and review status
Last reviewed: July 2026
Academy editorial review: Approved
Gallery now includes the verified adult Bloodhound source plus a source-identified Bloodhound puppy. Additional appearance expansion remains optional.
Report a correction or concern for this guide.
American Bloodhound Club (ABC)
breed club
Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) — Bloodhound, Standard No. 84
kennel club
American Kennel Club (AKC) — Bloodhound
kennel club
American Bloodhound Club — Health Committee
health
Sources are being verified. No citation is presented as confirmed until review is complete. Always consult qualified professionals for breed-specific and health advice.
Last reviewed: July 2026
Reviewed by: The Academy Editorial Team
This guide describes common breed traits, historical purpose and practical ownership considerations. Individual dogs vary according to genetics, health, early development, environment, training and life experience.
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